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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) - Gibraltar (2003)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) z Gibraltar (2003)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)Gibraltar (2003)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsGibraltar
Administrative divisions - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure - 0-14 years: 18.3% (male 2,593; female 2,482)


15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,458; female 8,946)


65 years and over: 15.4% (male 1,873; female 2,424) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - none
Airports - 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 6.5 sq km


land: 6.5 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate - 11.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $307 million


expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY 00/01 est.)
Capital - Gibraltar
Climate tropical Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
Coastline 74.1 km 12 km
Constitution - 30 May 1969
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Gibraltar
Currency - Gibraltar pound (GIP)
Death rate - 8.93 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity Gibraltar residents vote overwhelmingly in referendum against "total shared sovereignty" arrangement worked out between Spain and UK to change 300-year rule over colony
Economic aid - recipient - $NA; note - if an agreement between Spain and the UK is reached, could receive 50 million euros from the EU
Economy - overview no economic activity Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.
Electricity - consumption - 93 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 100 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant
Ethnic groups - Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese
Exchange rates - Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief Sir Francis RICHARDS (since 27 May 2003)


head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - (principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%
Exports - partners - UK 27.7%, Switzerland 14.3%, Germany 12%, France 6.9%, Spain 6.1%, Turkmenistan 5%, Ukraine 4.6% (2002)
Fiscal year - 1 July - 30 June
Flag description the flag of Australia is used two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 36 8 N, 5 21 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Highways - total: 29 km


paved: 29 km


unpaved: 0 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
Imports - partners - Germany 27.3%, Spain 21.8%, UK 12.1%, Italy 8% (2002)
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco
Infant mortality rate - total: 5.31 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.92 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.67 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1.5% (1998)
International organization participation - Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force - 14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)
Labor force - by occupation - services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL%
Land boundaries 0 km total: 1.2 km


border countries: Spain 1.2 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages - English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply English law
Legislative branch - unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 27 November 2003 (next to be held not later than NA 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 79.38 years


male: 76.51 years


female: 82.4 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: NA


total population: above 80%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain
Map references Southeast Asia Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine - total: 114 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,008,140 GRT/1,435,595 DWT


ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 58, chemical tanker 14, container 20, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 13, roll on/roll off 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, France 2, Germany 55, Greece 6, Ireland 1, Monaco 2, Norway 3, United Kingdom 13 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches - no regular indigenous military forces; British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force
National holiday - National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain
Nationality - noun: Gibraltarian(s)


adjective: Gibraltar
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards NA
Natural resources fish NEGL
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Pipelines - 0 km
Political parties and leaders - Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)		 27,776 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.22% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Gibraltar
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions - Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities


domestic: automatic exchange facilities


international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 19,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,620 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Total fertility rate - 1.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - 2% (2001 est.)
Waterways - none
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